Джайшанкар казва, че ООН е „до голяма степен без значение“, Съветът за сигурност на ООН „затворен“: Защо Индия настоява за реформа | Explained

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar has delivered a blunt assessment of the United Nations, saying the world body has become “largely irrelevant ” to decision-making on some of the biggest global crises because of a “gridlocked ” UN Security Council.

Speaking at the 5th Kautilya Economic Conclave in New Delhi on Monday, Jaishankar said the UN’s inability to respond effectively to major conflicts and global crises had exposed the limitations of its current structure, according to news agency ANI.

“Where the UN is concerned, it's obvious to everybody by now that the UN is gridlocked, ” Jaishankar said, pointing to conflicts in the Gulf, Ukraine and Africa, as well as the Covid-19 pandemic.

He said the problem was closely linked to the structure of the Security Council, whose composition, he said, no longer reflects the wider international community.

“And a lot of it is because the Security Council is gridlocked and the Security Council no longer represents the entirety of the global interest, ” he said.

Why is UN Security Council ‘gridlocked’?

The UN Security Council is the United Nations’ principal body за справяне с интернационалния мир и сигурност. It has 15 members — five permanent members with veto powers and 10 elected members.

The permanent members — the United States, Russia, China, France and the UK — can block substantive resolutions through their veto.

The structure has increasingly come under scrutiny as major powers have found themselves divided over conflicts, including the war in Ukraine and crises in the Middle East.

Jaishankar argued that the institution has failed to keep pace with the dramatic expansion of the UN’s membership.

“The UN started with 51 members; it's got almost four times that number today. So, if you have grown four times and you want to keep the old board of management, it's not going to work. It's common sense, ” he said.

Why does UNSC reform matter to India?

For India, the issue is not simply about обезпечаване на непрекъснато място в Съвета за сигурност на Организация на обединените нации. New Delhi has argued that the Council itself needs to become more representative of the geopolitical realities of the 21st century.

When the UN was founded in 1945, much of Asia and Africa was still under colonial rule. Today, developing countries account for a large share of UN membership, but their representation in the Council’s permanent structure remains limited.

India has therefore pushed for an expansion of both permanent and non-permanent membership, along with greater representation for Africa.

In an earlier interview with LiveMint, former diplomat Suresh Goel, who served at the Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations in New York from 1991-95, explained why India’s case for permanent membership goes beyond its own national interests.

“The question is not why it is important for India to have a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, but why the world needs India as a permanent member, ” Goel said.

“India’s claim to permanent membership is therefore also based on its role as a voice of the Global South, ” he added.

New Delhi has been working with the G4 grouping — India, Бразилия, Германия и Япония — както и групата L.69, междурегионална коалиция от разрастващи се страни, за създаване на поддръжка за промяната на Съвета за сигурност на Организация на обединените нации.

Какво сподели С. Джайшанкар за Африка?

Джайшанкар също се прицели в страни, които, сподели той, се базират на ползите на Африка, като в същото време се опълчват на промените на Организация на обединените нации.

„ Има няколко играчи, няколко страни, които са съпротивителни на reform of the UN, and they are using the name of Africa, ” he said.

According to Jaishankar, African countries have already articulated their position on reform through the intergovernmental negotiations.

India has repeatedly backed greater African representation, arguing that a reformed Security Council must better reflect the interests of the Global South.

G4 renews push for UNSC промяна

Забележките на Джайшанкар идват, когато акцията за промяна на Съвета за сигурност набира нов подтик по време на настоящата сесия на Общото заседание на Организация на обединените нации.

Г-4 — Индия, Бразилия, Германия и Япония — неотдавна възобнови апела си за промяна, описвайки актуалната конструкция на Съвета за сигурност от осем десетилетия като „ анахронична “ и потвърждавайки, че промяната е „ по-необходима от всеки път “ на фона на възходящите световни провокации.

Групировката също по този начин удостовери поддръжката си за по-голямо посланичество на африканските страни в Съвета за сигурност.

Отделно, четирите членки на Вишеградската група — Унгария, Полша, Словакия и Чешката република — показаха групова поддръжка за промяната на Съвета за сигурност на Организация на обединените нации.

(С принос от ANI)